Gestational Diabetes: What to Know?

What is Gestational Diabetes?

Gestational diabetes is a type of diabetes that develops during pregnancy. It affects how your body uses sugar. Because of this, blood sugar levels can become too high. This condition usually appears in the second half of pregnancy. However, it often goes away after the baby is born. Still, it is important to manage it well. If left untreated, it can cause health problems for both mother and baby. According to the CDC, about 2% to 10% of pregnancies in the United States are affected by gestational diabetes each year.

Symptoms of Gestational Diabetes

Many women with gestational diabetes do not notice any symptoms. Even so, some may experience mild signs. It is important to watch for these symptoms, especially if you are at risk. Early detection helps prevent complications.

Increased thirst

Frequent urination

Feeling more tired than usual

Blurry vision

More infections, such as bladder or skin infections

However, these symptoms can also happen in normal pregnancy. Therefore, regular check-ups are important.

Causes and Risk Factors

Gestational diabetes happens when the body cannot make enough insulin during pregnancy. Insulin is a hormone that helps control blood sugar. During pregnancy, hormones can make it harder for insulin to work. As a result, blood sugar rises. Several factors can increase your risk.

Being overweight before pregnancy

Having a family history of diabetes

Being over age 25

Having had gestational diabetes in a past pregnancy

Belonging to certain ethnic groups, such as South Asian, African American, or Hispanic

Having high blood pressure or other health problems

Knowing your risk can help you and your doctor plan for a healthy pregnancy.

How is Gestational Diabetes Diagnosed?

Doctors screen most pregnant women for gestational diabetes between 24 and 28 weeks. Sometimes, testing happens earlier if you have risk factors. The most common test is the glucose challenge test. You drink a sweet liquid, and your blood sugar is checked after one hour. If your level is high, you may need a longer test called the oral glucose tolerance test. These tests help doctors find gestational diabetes early. Early diagnosis allows for better care and fewer problems.

Treatment and Management Options

Treating gestational diabetes is important for your health and your baby’s health. Most women can manage it with lifestyle changes. However, some may need medicine. Your doctor will guide you based on your needs.

Eat a healthy, balanced diet

Check your blood sugar as advised

Exercise regularly, with your doctor’s approval

Take insulin or other medicines if needed

Attend all prenatal visits

With the right care, most women have healthy pregnancies and babies.

Lifestyle Tips for Managing Gestational Diabetes

Managing gestational diabetes can feel overwhelming. Still, small changes can make a big difference. Here are some tips to help you stay healthy:

Choose whole grains, fruits, and vegetables

Eat smaller meals more often

Limit sugary foods and drinks

Stay active with walking or gentle exercise

Monitor your blood sugar as your doctor suggests

Keep a food and blood sugar diary

Ask your healthcare team for support

Remember, every woman’s needs are different. Therefore, always follow your doctor’s advice.

Prevention and Outlook

While you cannot always prevent gestational diabetes, you can lower your risk. Maintaining a healthy weight before pregnancy helps. Eating well and staying active also support good health. After pregnancy, most women’s blood sugar returns to normal. However, you have a higher risk of type 2 diabetes later. Because of this, regular check-ups after pregnancy are important. Early action can help you stay healthy for years to come.

If you have questions or concerns, consult Dr. Deepa Ganji for personalized advice on gestational diabetes.